The last I\'m saying on this:
Horses are not testing positive, even when specific trainer\'s animals have been targeted with surprise out-of-competition testing in three different jurisdictions - Kentucky, California, and New York - yet some still allege certain trainers are doping with some magical undetectable incredibly effective move-up drugs on a large scale.
Nope.
Are there substances we can\'t detect yet? Of course - mostly various different chemical formulations of various steroids anybody can buy on the internet.
We readily detect erythropoetin, and separate it from the naturally-occuring hormone.
We easily and readily detect opiods, milkshaking, NSAIDS, meth, cocaine, heroin, and thousands of other drugs at minute, unable-to-even-affect-the-horse levels.
Should we test every horse, every time? I think so.